Improved ice-cream freezer



- 0. PADDOCK. Ice Cream Freezer.

No. 33,850. Y Patented Dec. 3, 1861.

I?! $0 7 Usmr.%%

N. PETERS, Phow-Lithn n her, Wauhingmn. n c

UNITED STATES PATENT EErcE.

OSCAR PADDOOK, OF \VATERTOYN, NEV YORK.

IMPROVED ICE-CREAM FREEZER.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent l\*o. 33,850, dated December 3, 1861.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR Pannoox, of lVatertown, in the county of Jefferson and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ice-Cream Freezers; and Ihereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings,in which- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the freezer; Fig. 2, a plan view of half of the freezer; Fig. 3, a section through the line A B, Fig. l; and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of part of the freezer, showing the flaps closed against the spindle.

In'ice-cream freezers it has been found important to establish a frictional contact between the freezing-vessel and the surrounding ice, in order to agitate the ice and par- .tially to melt it against the surface of the freezer, whereby intense cold is created. It has also been found necessary to use mechanical or other means to prevent the ice formed within the freezer from adhering to the interior surface of the freezing-vessel, inasmuch of the ice so formed against the sides of the freezing-vessel constitutes a non-conductor which retards the progress of congela- .tion from the circumference of the vessel toward its center.

My invention therefore relates to ice-crea1n freezers in which it is contemplated to give motion to the freezing-vessel within the icereservoir, and also to such ice-cream freezers .in which a mechanism is contrived to clear stirred; third, forming the pivot of the freezing-vessel of a spherical or conical shape externally, with a triangular, square, or polygonal cavity internally, in combination with a cylindrical spindle having triangular, square, or polygonal ends to fit the said cavity and crank, whereby rotation maybe imparted to the vessel without fastening the spindle thereto; fourth, in combining with the spindle and freezing-vessel, constructed as hereinafter described, a hollow spindle. provided with scraping-blades, the former having a square head, or any equivalent device for holding the scrapers stationary Within the vessel while it is being rotated; fifth, in the construction of a top plate with square and round center openings, constituting a bearing for both the solid and the hollow spindles, or either, and so that the ice in the reservoir may be accessible at any time during the operation, and, sixth, in providing the cover of the freezing-vessel with adjustable flaps to clasp, when necessary, the solid spindle, so that the scraping-blades may be removed when the ice shall have acquired a certain degree of consistency.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my improvements, I shall now proceed to describe the construction, arrangement, and operation of my improved icecream freezer.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, R represents the reservoir, which is designed to contain the ice or the mixture ofice and salt and the freezing-vessel O. The latter is of a cylindrical form, or of the form of an inverted truncated cone. Its bottom D has a central pivot E, which may be of a spherical or conical outside formation, so that the bearing-surfaces shall afford but little friction when the vessel is being rotated upon its axis. The pivot works in a socket F in the bottom of the ice-reservoir. This socket should be formed correspondingly with the pivot, or be of any other form that will produce the least friction. The pivot E is hollow, having formed within it a square cavity, into which is engaged the square end G of the cylindrical spindle H. To the bottom of the freezing-vessel are attached blades I, that by rotating with the vessel are designed to mix with the ice in the reservoir the salt which is precipitated to or settled upon the bottom. To the sides of the vessel are fixed a series of horizontal studs, the functions of which are to cause fresh ice to come in contact with the surface of the freezing-vessel during its revolution.

It has heretofore been attempted to effect the same object by means of a vertical blade traveling concentrically with the vessel between the inner surface of the reservoir and the outer surface of the freezing-vessel. Such arrangement does not produce the desired result,because the blade is apt to form its path within the particles of ice without disturbing those in immediate contact with the freezingvessel. By my arrangement I separate the ice in immediate contact with the vessel in horizontal layers, which by reassuming the condition of compactness are constantly shifted up and down, thus producing double friction of the ice against the vessel.

The scraping-blades K are fastened to the hollow spindle L by means of braces M, set at an angle in relation to a horizontal plane, so asito have a tendency to force the mixture to be frozen upward and to effect its thorough mixture. The scraping-blades are also in clined-at such-an angle in relation to the internal surface of the freezer as to facilitate the removal of the ice adhering to the inner surface of the vessel and to force the ice so removed toward the center of thesame. The

freezing-vessel is provided with a cover N,

through the center of which a hole is cut for the passage of the spindle L. The latter is held in position by means of a cross-bar or topplate 0, extending diametrically from one side of the reservoir to the other and held in position by studs P passing through the holes Pin the said cross-bar. To the cross-bar O, the central square orifice of which fits the square-head Q of the hollow spindle L, is secured the perforated plate 0', through which the spindle G istallowed to pass. The plates O-and-O being firmly united will hold both thehollow spindle L and the solid spindle II in their true central position, while the round orifice in the one and the square orifice in the other will allow of rotation being imparted to the solid spindle, and consequently to the freezing-vessel, while the hollow spindle and consequently the scrapers that are attached to it, are held stationary. Movement is given to the center spindle by means of a crank S or-any other mode of gearing.

It is evident that the solid spindle as well as the hollow spindle with its scrapers may be removed at pleasure.

This is important,

not only for the reason that it facilitates the cleaning of the; vessel when necessary, but because it is desirable to give the substance to be frozen the shape of the freezing-vessel. For this purpose I have devised means for suspending the scraping action at a certain stage of congelation of the substance to be frozen and previous to its ultimate solidification. These means consist simply in the method of narrowing the hole in the cover of the freezer, (shown in detail in Fig. 4,) and which is effected by the adaptation of two flaps T T, capable of closing against the spindle so as to hold it in its central position. By this meansI am enabled to continue the rotary motion of the. vessel though the scrapers be removed from it.

Having thus described my invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used, I shall state my claims as follows:

1. In a freezing-vessel designed torotate upon its axis, the stirringblades or studs arranged upon and around the said-vessel, substantially as herein described, so that/the ice in immediate vicinity of the-said vessel shall be const-an tly stirred andthe salt precipitated to the bottom of the reservoir mixed withthe ice, as herein set forth;

2. Forming the pivot of the freezing-vessel of aspherical or conical shape externallymith an angular cavity internally, in combination with a cylindrical spindle having angular ends to fit the said cavity and crank, whereby rotation may be imparted to thevessel without fastening the spindle thereto.

3, Combining with the spindle andfreezingvessel constructed herein described a hollow spindle provided with scraping-blades, thev former having an angular head forholding the scrapers stationary within thevessel while it is being rota-ted, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

4E. Providing the cover of the freezing-vessel with adjustable fiaps to clasp, when necessary,'the solid spindle, so that the scrapingblades may be removed when the ice shall have acquired a certain degree of consistency.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification before two subscribing witnesses.

OSCAR PADDOGK.

\Vitnesses:

G. F. PADDOCK, B. R. Mme-s. 

